Pangram

Sebagai pengenalan, bukalah Microsoft Word versi berapapun, kemudian ketikkan kata-kata berikut ini:

=rand(10,1)

Tekan Enter.

Maka, kalian akan menemukan sebuah kalimat yang tersusun dalam 10 baris yang bunyinya sebagai berikut.

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.

Eits.. Ini bukan magic lho..

Apa sih istimewanya kalimat itu?
Kalimat itu merupakan yang tersusun atas semua alfabet, dari a hingga z. Kalimat inilah yang disebut dengan pangram (Greek: pan gramma, "every letter"). Microsoft Windows menggunakan kalimat tersebut untuk memperlihatkan font-font yang ada dalam komputer.

Pangram tersebut dipilih karena relatif pendek, serta memiliki arti.
Untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut tentang pangram, lihat lanjutannya di bawah.

=========================================================================

LIST OF PANGRAMS

Tentunya, kalian sudah tahu tentang pangram bukan? Sesungguhnya, pangram "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." bukanlah kalimat yang terpendek. Masih ada lagi yang lebih pendek. Bahkan ada kalimat yang hanya terdiri dari 26 huruf, yang artinya setiap hurufnya digunakan 1 kali saja (kalimat ini disebut dengan perfect pangram).

Oit.. Kalian tidak perlu susah payah mencarinya, karena semuanya sudah ditemukan oleh *orang-orang* yang kurang kerjaan... Lebih baik kita menatapnya saja, dan bilang saja "kagum"... Hehehe..

Perfect pangrams without proper nouns or initialisms(26 huruf):

1.	Cwm fjord bank glyphs vext quiz. (Carved symbols in a mountain hollow on the bank of an inlet irritated an eccentric person.)
2.	Squdgy fez, blank jimp crwth vox! (A short brimless felt hat barely blocks out the sound of a Celtic violin. - created by Claude Shannon)
3.	Jink cwm, zag veldt, fob qursh pyx. (Cross valley and plain to steal coins from Saudi mint. - created by Stephen Wagner)
4.	Veldt jynx grimps waqf zho buck. (A grasslands wryneck Woodpecker climbs onto a male bovid on Muslim land held in trust. - created by Michael Jones)
5.	Junky qoph-flags vext crwd zimb. (An Abyssinian fly playing a Celtic violin was annoyed by trashy flags on which were the Hebrew letter qoph.)
6.	Quartz glyph job vex'd cwm finks. (The act of carving symbols into quartz irritated ruffians from a Welsh river valley.)
7.	Cwm fjord veg balks nth pyx quiz. (Relaxing in basins at the end of inlets puts an end to the test from the box. - 'nth' is not an abbreviation)

Perfect pangrams with proper nouns, acronyms, or initialisms

1.	Blowzy night-frumps vex'd Jack Q.
2.	Fjord q-klutz bahs given cwm pyx.
3.	Frowzy things plumb vex'd Jack Q.
4.	Glum Schwartzkopf vex'd by NJ IQ.
5.	J.Q. Vandz struck my big fox whelp.
6.	J.Q. Schwartz flung D.V. Pike my box.
7.	Jocks find quartz glyph, vex BMW.
8.	Jumbling vext frowzy hacks PDQ. (Being bounced around quickly annoyed the disheveled taxi drivers. - all words in high school dictionary)
9.	Jump dogs, why vex Fritz Blank QC?
10.	NBC glad. Why? Fox TV jerks quiz PM.
11.	New job: fix Mr. Gluck's hazy TV, PDQ! (includes 5 punctuation symbols)
12.	PR flacks quiz gym: TV DJ box when?
13.	Quartz jock vends BMW glyph fix.

Pangram dalam bahasa Inggris yang lebih panjang:

1.	Big fjords vex quick waltz nymph. (27 letters)
2.	Junk MTV quiz graced by fox whelps. (28 letters) (Includes proper noun)
3.	Bawds jog, flick quartz, vex nymphs. (28 letters)
4.	Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex! (28 letters)
5.	Fox nymphs grab quick-jived waltz. (28 letters)
6.	Brick quiz whangs jumpy veldt fox. (28 letters)
7.	Glib jocks quiz nymph to vex dwarf. (28 letters) (Used by Pol van Rhee for Typography class examples)
8.	Bright vixens jump; dozy fowl quack. (29 letters)
9.	Quick wafting zephyrs vex bold Jim. (29 letters) (Includes proper noun)
10.	Quick zephyrs blow, vexing daft Jim. (29 letters) (Includes proper noun)
11.	Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow. (29 letters) (Used by Adobe InDesign when providing samples of all fonts.)
12.	Sex-charged fop blew my junk TV quiz (29 letters)
13.	How quickly daft jumping zebras vex. (30 letters)
14.	Two driven jocks help fax my big quiz. (30 letters)
15.	"Now fax quiz Jack!" my brave ghost pled. (30 letters)
16.	Jack, love my big wad of sphinx quartz! (30 letters) (Includes proper noun)
17.	Vamp fox held quartz duck just by wing. (31 letters)
18.	Five quacking zephyrs jolt my wax bed. (31 letters)
19.	The five boxing wizards jump quickly. (31 letters) (Used by XXDiff as sample text)
20.	Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz. (31 letters) (Used by Microsoft Windows XP when previewing some non-TrueType/OpenType fonts. It is interesting that the set of digits afterwards omits the numeral 7.)
21.	Kvetching, flummoxed by job, W. zaps Iraq. (32 letters) (Includes proper noun)
22.	Cozy sphinx waves quart jug of bad milk. (32 letters)
23.	Waxy and quivering, jocks fumble pizza. (32 letters)
24.	A very bad quack might jinx zippy fowls. (32 letters)
25.	Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs. (32 letters) (Used for font samples by Beagle Bros and in Space Shuttle, Featured in Ella Minnow Pea)
26.	Few quips galvanized the mock jury box. (32 letters)
27.	The jay, pig, fox, zebra, and my wolves quack! (33 letters)
28.	Blowzy red vixens fight for a quick jump. (33 letters)
29.	Joaquin Phoenix was gazed by MTV for luck. (34 letters) (Includes proper noun)
30.	The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. (35 letters) (Used by Microsoft Windows as sample text, famous for its coherency)
31.	Heavy boxes perform quick waltzes and jigs. (36 letters)
32.	A wizard’s job is to vex chumps quickly in fog. (36 letters)
33.	Watch "Jeopardy!", Alex Trebek's fun TV quiz game. (37 letters) (Includes proper noun)
34.	Woven silk pyjamas exchanged for blue quartz. (38 letters) (Used for font samples by Scribus)
35.	Brawny gods just flocked up to quiz and vex him. (38 letters)
36.	My faxed joke won a pager in the cable TV quiz show. (39 letters)
37.	The quick onyx goblin jumps over the lazy dwarf. (39 letters) (From flavor text in a card in the Magic: the Gathering card game[3])
38.	The lazy major was fixing Cupid's broken quiver. (39 letters) (Includes proper noun)
39.	Amazingly few discotheques provide jukeboxes. (40 letters)
40.	Cozy lummox gives smart squid who asks for job pen. (41 letters) (Used for font samples by the Macintosh, post-System 7, as well as on certain Palm products)
41.	Painful zombies quickly watch a jinxed graveyard. (42 letters)
42.	My girl wove six dozen plaid jackets before she quit. (43 letters)
43.	Wolf zombies quickly spot the jinxed grave. (43 letters)
44.	Six big devils from Japan quickly forgot how to waltz. (44 letters)
45.	"Who am taking the ebonics quiz?", the prof jovially axed. (44 letters)
46.	Big July earthquakes confound zany experimental vow. (45 letters)
47.	Foxy parsons quiz and cajole the lovably dim wiki-girl. (45 letters)
48.	Six boys guzzled cheap raw plum vodka quite joyfully. (46 letters)
49.	Have a pick: twenty six letters — no forcing a jumbled quiz! (46 letters)
50.	Jack quietly moved up front and seized the big ball of wax. (47 letters) (Includes proper noun)
51.	Few black taxis drive up major roads on quiet hazy nights. (47 letters)
52.	Bored? Craving a pub quiz fix? Why, just come to the Royal Oak! (47 letters)
53.	Crazy Fredericka bought many very exquisite opal jewels. (48 letters) (Includes proper noun)
54.	Sixty zippers were quickly picked from the woven jute bag. (48 letters)
55.	How razorback-jumping frogs can level six piqued gymnasts! (49 letters) (Used for font samples by the Macintosh, System 7 era)
56.	A quick movement of the enemy will jeopardize six gunboats. (49 letters)
57.	All questions asked by five watch experts amazed the judge. (49 letters)

=========================================================================
Bagaimana? Pusink bukan? Iya.. Saya juga.. ;P.

Sebetulnya, kalau kalian lihat lagi di bagian sumber yang kucantumkan (wikipedia), akan ada banyak sekali pangram di sana, bahkan pangram dalam bahasa Cina, Korea, Jepang, Rusia, Spanyol, dan sebagainya. Kalau kalian search pangram dalam bahasa Indonesia, sepertinya pangram itu tak akan menarik (dan juga ngak ada) karena huruf-huruf V, W, X, Y, dan Z merupakan huruf yang sangat susah sekali diterapkan dalam kalimat, apalagi dipakai bersama-sama.. Ha3.

Sekedar memberi sedikit info.. Ada juga istilah lipogram (temennya pangram :P). Lipogram (Greek lipagrammatos, "missing letter") merupakan suatu kalimat (atau puisi) panjang yang melarang penggunaan beberapa huruf tertentu yang dominan.

Perhatikan contoh puisi berikut:

Bold Nassan quits his caravan,
A hazy mountain grot to scan;
Climbs jaggy rocks to find his way,
Doth tax his sight, but far doth stray.

Not work of man, nor sport of child
Finds Nassan on this mazy wild;
Lax grow his joints, limbs toil in vain—
Poor wight! why didst thou quit that plain?

Vainly for succour Nassan calls;
Know, Zillah, that thy Nassan falls;
But prowling wolf and fox may joy
To quarry on thy Arab boy.

Puisi di atas sama sekali tidak menggunakan huruf "e", huruf yang sangat dominan dalam bahasa Inggris. Tentunya, akan sangat susah sekali untuk membuat lipogram.. ~_~. Huee.. Biarkanlah orang-orang kurang kerjaan aja yang membuat hal semacam ini.. Tapi, jangan bilang kalo yang nulis blog ini juga kurang kerjaan.. Wkwk.

Sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pangrams, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipogram#Pangrammatic_lipogram, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangram